Ethereum 2.0, or Ethereum upgrades as it is formerly known, is the initiative to make the world’s second-largest cryptocurrency by market cap more scalable, sustainable, and secure. The Ethereum upgrades will transition the blockchain from a proof of work consensus mechanism to a proof of stake model.
Ethereum 2.0 will consist of a set of upgrades implemented in parallel to make the leading platform for decentralized applications (dApps) far more efficient. ETH2 is the term used to distinguish the new version of Ethereum’s native cryptocurrency from the current ETH1, which operates on the older network.
Ethereum 2 is being developed on The Beacon Chain, an independent network, even as the current Ethereum network continues to function. The next stage, known as The Merge, will fuse the Beacon Chain into the Ethereum mainnet. To distinguish between the Beacon Chain and Ethereum mainnet, developers use the terms ETH2 and ETH1.
The Ethereum team is phasing out the use of ETH2 or Ethereum 2.0 following The Merge. The process will bring together both ecosystems into a single blockchain, instead of having Ethereum 1 (proof of work) function alongside Ethereum 2 (proof of stake).
Prior to The Merge in September 2022, mainnet Ethereum or ETH1 worked as the ‘execution layer,’ handling transactions and executing smart contracts. ETH2 or Ethereum 2.0 is the consensus layer working on a proof of stake consensus to validate transactions.
Work on The Beacon Chain started on 1 December 2020 and has progressed slowly due to various challenges. However, since that date, users have staked more than 13.2 million ETH2 tokens on the network.
Work on Ethereum 2 started with The Beacon Chain, the blockchain’s proof of stake consensus layer. The need for Ethereum to transition from energy-intensive proof of work consensus grew as the adoption of its ecosystem by dApps, and end users kept rising in the crypto market.
As the proliferation of blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies increased over recent years, several skeptics highlighted how proof-of-work blockchains were not sustainable as they consumed much energy to mine the cryptocurrency. There was, as a result, an urgent need for Ethereum developers to innovate and move to a more sustainable model.
In addition, the rising infrastructure adoption resulted in severe network congestion and high gas fees, causing further inconvenience to projects and end users. The idea for Ethereum 2 evolved as a way for the dApp platform to become more scalable, energy efficient, and sustainable without compromising on its superior security offerings.
The Beacon Chain functioned independent of the Ethereum mainnet till September 2022, using a network of validators to verify transactions and create new blocks. These validators have been staking ETH2 on the chain.
Following The Merge, the Ethereum mainnet and The Beacon Chain joined together to function as one entity, transitioning the Ethereum blockchain from being a proof of work network to a proof of stake blockchain. The Merge made The Beacon Chain solely responsible for block production via validators who stake ETH2 on the network, stopping the process of mining ETH.
The next stage of Ethereum upgrades after The Merge will focus on implementing sharding to make the blockchain ecosystem far more scalable. Sharding will allow Ethereum to process more transactions in parallel, increasing the throughput significantly and making the ecosystem more efficient and convenient for dApps, developers, and consumers.
Period | Change | Change (%) |
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Today | $-1.3524 | -0.04% |
7 Days | $2.0284 | 0.06% |
30 Days | $-4.7331 | -0.14% |
3 Months | $-4.7331 | -0.14% |
Ethereum 2.0 offers attractive APYs on staking and could be an incredibly beneficial investment before The Merge. It is a good asset in your portfolio if you are keen on generating passive income and putting your cryptocurrencies to work.
Until The Merge, when the Ethereum mainnet will fuse with The Beacon Chain, ETH2 offers you an attractive way to earn through holding Ethereum 2.0. However, as the date for The Merge to go live comes close and the number of stakers increases, the APYs on ETH2 are sliding lower.
Eventually, the Ethereum 2.0 price will be the same as Ethereum (ETH) once the blockchain transitions into a complete proof of stake network. Once this happens, the Ethereum 2.0 price could head higher as the infrastructure offers a better experience, and its adoption by projects and users pick up.
Ethereum is already the largest platform by TVL for dApps across DeFi, NFT, metaverse, and gaming. After The Merge and the transition to PoS is complete, the cryptocurrency could become an even more valuable asset. As a result, it could be worthwhile to invest in ETH2 when you have funds available.
For now, ETH2 can only be used for staking via the ETH2 Deposit Contract to become validators in The Beacon Chain. The Beacon Chain, as of July 2022, is the consensus layer of the Ethereum upgrade.
As an ETH holder, you can become a validator on The Beacon Chain by staking a minimum of 32 ETH2 as collateral to earn attractive rewards and grow your Ethereum 2.0 crypto holdings. As a validator, you can participate in the consensus mechanism by verifying transactions and producing new blocks in the network.
In addition to staking ETH2 on The Beacon Chain, you can also stake Ethereum 2.0 via supported exchanges and platforms. This function can offer you a convenient way to earn passive income without becoming a validator, requiring a smaller investment from your end. However, the APYs could also be lower in this option.
You can also buy or sell ETH2 against other cryptocurrencies on exchanges such as KuCoin. You also have the option to HODL ETH2 long-term if you believe in the future potential of the Ethereum PoS network. On the price chart above, review the current price of Ethereum 2.0, ETH2 market cap, 24h trading volume, and perform fundamental, technical, and sentiment analysis on ETH2 price action before placing a new trade in the market.
Here are the critical differences between ETH and ETH2:
ETH is the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum mainnet, a proof of work blockchain network. The Ethereum blockchain functioned as the execution layer before The Merge, where transactions occur, and smart contracts are executed.
ETH2, on the other hand, is the native token of The Beacon Chain - the consensus layer of Ethereum 2.0. This network is responsible for leveraging the proof of stake consensus mechanism to validate transactions and create new blocks until The Merge brings both networks together.
As the native asset of a PoW blockchain, Ether or ETH could be mined during block production and validation of transactions taking place on the Ethereum mainnet. On the other hand, you cannot mine ETH2 as The Beacon Chain is designed to utilize a PoS consensus. You can, however, stake ETH2 to become a validator and contribute to block production, earning rewards in ETH2 in the process.
The circulating supply of ETH2 is the same as ETH. ETH1 or ETH does not have a fixed supply but uses an inflationary model, meaning there is no upper limit on the total supply or max supply. This means there is no fixed limit on the number of ETH coins that can be mined.
However, ETH2 will utilize a deflationary model, allowing for token burning mechanisms to reduce the total supply of ETH2 tokens in the market in the future. The new Ethereum will use the deflationary mechanism to support the ETH2 price and value.
After The Merge, when The Beacon Chain and current Ethereum mainnet are combined, the existing Ethereum blockchain will officially transition from being a PoW network to a PoS network. Once this happens, the Ethereum network will officially process transactions and use a PoS consensus to validate transactions and create new blocks.
Once The Beacon Chain merges with the Ethereum main network, Ethereum’s ETH will no longer be mined. Instead, validators will have to stake ETH tokens to become eligible for participating in the consensus process. They will contribute to block production and receive rewards in ETH tokens for their efforts, increasing their holdings via the staking process.
The Merge will also merge the entire transactional history of the Ethereum blockchain ever since it went live. All your ETH funds will also automatically work on the PoS Ethereum blockchain following this event.
You can stake ETH2 conveniently via KuCoin Earn to generate attractive returns and grow your crypto holdings. Here’s how to stake ETH2 on KuCoin Earn:
⧫ Visit the ETH 2.0 Staking section on KuCoin Earn.
⧫ Click on the ‘Start ETH 2.0 Staking’ button on the page.
⧫ Convert your ETH crypto to ETH2 and start staking them on the platform.
⧫ Enter the number of ETH2 tokens you wish to stake and review all the relevant information before confirming the transaction.
⧫ Sit back and receive rewards on your staked ETH2 tokens.
You can stake ETH2 via the deposit contract to become a validator on The Beacon Chain or opt for staking via supported exchanges. However, the former option delivers the highest returns.
Here’s how to stake ETH on Ethereum 2.0 by setting up your own node:
1. Head to the Ethereum Launchpad to select the ‘Become a Validator’ option.
2. Click on Continue after understanding the proof of stake mechanism.
3. Continue to click on the ‘I Accept button after reviewing the information provided in the next few steps - Deposit, The terminal, Uptime, Bad behaviour, Key management, Commitment, Early adoption risks, and Checklist.
3. Finally, click on Continue after the Confirmation stage in the tenth step.
4. You can choose an execution client and set up a node on the next page. Click on Continue to proceed to the next step.
5. Select your ETH2 client on this page and click on Continue.
6. The following section will let you generate key pairs. Enter the number of validators you would like to run here. You can also choose your command-line app in this section and download it from Github.
7. Note down the seed phrase and store it securely.
8. In the next section, where you can upload deposit data, you can connect your ETH wallet to start staking.
The Ethereum Shanghai Upgrade, the next key milestone in the Ethereum 2.0 roadmap, is scheduled for April 12, 2023. The date is slightly delayed from initial expectations that the update will roll out in March 2023, following a successful testnet launch in February.
The Ethereum Shanghai hard fork event will allow validators to unlock their staked ETH and rewards from the network. ETH staking had gone live on the Ethereum PoS Beacon Chain in December 2020 when the Ethereum Foundation decided to switch from a Proof-of-Work (PoW) consensus to a Proof-of-Stake (PoS) model.
Following this, The Ethereum Merge in September 2021 began the transition process when the Beacon Chain merged with the Ethereum mainnet, bringing the PoS consensus to the Ethereum network. The Shanghai Upgrade will be the next significant development in Ethereum’s journey toward increasing its efficiency and capabilities, allowing stakers to unlock and access their locked ETH from the network.
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